Leaf-eating caterpillars

Pest prevention in the main field

Remove or destroy stubble after harvest, keep fields free of weeds, trim field bunds and provide effective drainage. Avoid excessive nitrogen fertilizer. Avoid close planting, especially in brown planthopper (BPH) and leaf folder prone areas or seasons, and leave a 30 cm space after every 2.5 m. Use light traps (1 per hectare) and pheromone traps (12 per hectare) to monitor stem borer and leaf folder, and remove and destroy stem borer egg masses. In BPH-prone areas, avoid chemicals that cause resurgence, such as synthetic pyrethroids and quinalphos, and avoid repeated use of the same insecticide.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Rice – Pest management, main field, p. 50

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

When to act: stem borer and leaf folder

Economic threshold levels: stem borer – 2 egg masses per m², or 10% dead hearts, or 2% white ears; leaf folder – 10% leaf damage at the vegetative phase, or 5% flag leaf damage at flowering.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Rice – Economic threshold level, pp. 50–51

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Fall armyworm: prevention and non-chemical measures

Apply neem cake at 250 kg/ha during the last ploughing, and treat seeds with Beauveria bassiana at 10 g/kg. Use spacing of 60 x 25 cm for irrigated and 45 x 20 cm for rainfed maize, leaving a 75 cm gap after every 10 rows. Raise border crops of cowpea, sunflower or gingelly, and intercrop with black gram or green gram, to attract and conserve natural enemies. Raise a border crop of Bajra Napier for irrigated maize, or grain sorghum for rainfed maize, to attract the moths. Use a solar light trap (1 per hectare) and sex pheromone traps (50 per hectare) from 10–15 days after sowing.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Maize – Pest management (Fall armyworm), p. 113

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Fall armyworm: botanical and biological sprays

At the early whorl stage (15–20 days after sowing), azadirachtin 1% EC at 20 ml per 10 litres is listed. At the late whorl stage (40–45 days), Metarhizium anisopliae at 80 g per 10 litres (1 x 10^8 cfu/g) is listed.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Maize – Pest management (Fall armyworm), p. 113

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Chemical pesticides: ask before you spray

The source lists insecticides and fungicides for shoot fly, stem borer, aphids, fall armyworm, leaf blights, rust and downy mildew. Many are hazardous, and some may be restricted. Choose a product only with your local Agriculture Officer.

Follow the instructions on the product label. Consult your local Agriculture Officer before use.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Maize – Pest & disease management, pp. 113–114

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

When to act: pest threshold levels

Economic threshold levels given for sorghum: shoot fly – 1 egg per plant in 10% of plants in the first two weeks, or 10% dead hearts; mite – 5 mites per cm² of leaf; stem borer – 10% damage; grain midge – 5 per earhead; earhead caterpillar – 2 per earhead; earhead bug – 10 per earhead.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Sorghum – Crop protection, ETL, pp. 76–77

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Pest prevention without chemicals

Plough soon after harvest, and remove and destroy the stubble. Complete sorghum sowing in an area in as short a time as possible, so that flowering is not spread out, which favours grain midge and earhead bug. Set up light traps until midnight to monitor and kill adults of stem borer, grain midge and earhead caterpillars. Avoid repeated insecticide sprays, which may cause pest resurgence.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Sorghum – Pest management, pp. 76–77

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Stem borer and earhead caterpillar: non-chemical measures

Sow lablab or cowpea as an intercrop (sorghum : lablab/cowpea 4:1) to reduce stem borer damage. For earhead caterpillar, set up sex pheromone traps at 12 per hectare from flowering to grain hardening, and apply NPV at 1.5 x 10^12 POB with crude sugar 2.5 kg and cotton seed kernel powder 250 g on the earheads twice at a 10-day interval, preferably in the early morning or evening. Neem seed kernel extract 5% is also listed.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Sorghum – Pest management (Stem borer, earhead caterpillar), p. 77

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Chemical pesticides: ask before you spray

The source lists insecticides and fungicides for shoot fly, stem borer, grain midge, earhead bug, earhead caterpillar, stored-grain weevil and several diseases. Many are hazardous, and some may be restricted. Choose a product only with your local Agriculture Officer, and spray only after the pest crosses the threshold level.

Follow the instructions on the product label. Consult your local Agriculture Officer before use.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Sorghum – Pest & disease management, pp. 76–78

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

When to act: pest threshold levels

Economic threshold levels given for groundnut: leaf miner – 1 larva per metre row; tobacco caterpillar – 8 egg masses per 100 m row.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Groundnut – Crop protection, ETL, p. 193

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Red hairy caterpillar: non-chemical measures

Dig out and destroy the pupae from field bunds and shady spots before the summer rains. In the rainfed crop, set up 3–4 light traps and bonfires immediately after rains to attract and kill the moths. Collect and destroy egg masses and the early, gregarious larvae (seen on lace-like leaves of intercrops such as red gram and cowpea). Dig a trench 30 cm deep and 25 cm wide with straight sides around infested fields to stop larvae from moving in.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Groundnut – Red hairy caterpillar, p. 193

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Tobacco caterpillar (Spodoptera): non-chemical measures

Grow castor as a border or intercrop to serve as an indicator or trap crop. Monitor the moths with light traps and pheromone traps. Collect and destroy egg masses, and the gregarious larvae as soon as lace-like leaves appear on castor, cowpea and groundnut. Spray NSKE 5% (neem seed kernel extract), or apply nuclear polyhedrosis virus at 1.5 x 10^12 POB per hectare with crude sugar 2.5 kg and teepol 250 ml per hectare.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Groundnut – Tobacco caterpillar, p. 194

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Leafhopper and leafminer: non-chemical measures

For leafhopper, intercrop lablab with groundnut in a 1:4 ratio. For leafminer (leaf webber), set up a light trap at ground level between 8 and 11 pm.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Groundnut – Leafhopper & leafminer, p. 194

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Chemical insecticides: ask before you spray

The source lists insecticides for red hairy caterpillar, tobacco caterpillar, leafhopper, leafminer, earwig, white grubs, aphids, thrips and termites. Many are hazardous, and some may be restricted. Choose a product only with your local Agriculture Officer, and spray only after the pest crosses the threshold level.

Follow the instructions on the product label. Consult your local Agriculture Officer before use.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Groundnut – Pest management strategies, pp. 193–195

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Monitoring with traps

Use light traps (modified Robinson type, 125 W mercury lamp) to follow insect populations. Set up species-specific sex pheromone traps at 12 per hectare for pink bollworm, tobacco cutworm (Spodoptera litura) and American bollworm. Apply insecticides only where absolutely necessary, when the pest population or damage reaches the threshold level.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Cotton – Pest monitoring, p. 272

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Fruit borer and thrips: non-chemical measures

For fruit borer, set up pheromone traps for Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera litura at 12 per hectare, collect and destroy damaged fruits and grown-up caterpillars, and spray Bacillus thuringiensis at 2 g per litre. For thrips, grow agathi as an intercrop.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Horticulture Crops 2020 (Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Chilli – Plant protection (Fruit borer, thrips), pp. 75–76

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Fruit borer: non-chemical measures

Grow tall American marigold as a trap crop: plant 40-day-old marigold and 25-day-old tomato seedlings at the same time, in a 1:16 row ratio. Set up pheromone traps at 12 per hectare. Collect and destroy damaged fruits and grown-up caterpillars. Release Trichogramma chilonis at 1 lakh per hectare every 7 days from flower initiation. Spray HaNPV at 1.5 x 10^12 POB per hectare, or azadirachtin 1% EC at 2 ml per litre, or Bacillus thuringiensis at 2 g per litre in the evening.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Horticulture Crops 2020 (Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Tomato – Plant protection (Fruit borer), pp. 59–60

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

IPM package for tomato

Seed treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens (10 g/kg); nursery application of Trichoderma viride and P. fluorescens; neem cake at 250 kg/ha; soil application of P. fluorescens at 2.5 kg/ha; select good, virus-free seedlings; rogue out virus-infected plants up to 45 days after transplanting; grow marigold as a border crop; Helicoverpa and Spodoptera pheromone traps at 12 per hectare; release Trichogramma chilonis at 50,000 per hectare; yellow sticky traps; and neem formulations (1%) or neem seed kernel extract (5%).

Source

Crop Production Guide – Horticulture Crops 2020 (Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Tomato – IPM package, p. 62

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

When to act: pest threshold levels

Economic threshold levels for Bengal gram: gram caterpillar (Helicoverpa) – 2 early-stage larvae per plant, or 5–8 eggs per plant; aphids – 20 per 2.5 cm shoot length.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Bengalgram – Crop protection, ETL, p. 164

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Gram caterpillar: non-chemical and biological measures

Set up pheromone traps for Helicoverpa armigera at 12 per hectare and bird perches at 50 per hectare. Collect grown-up larvae and blister beetles by hand. Spray HaNPV at 3 x 10^12 POB per hectare in 0.1% teepol, or Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki 5% WP at 1000–1250 g per hectare, while the larvae are young (up to the third instar).

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Bengalgram – Gram caterpillar management, p. 164

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Chemical pesticides: ask before you spray

The source lists many insecticides for aphids and gram caterpillar, and fungicides for root rot. Many are hazardous, and some may be restricted. Choose a product only with your local Agriculture Officer, and spray only after the pest crosses the threshold level.

Follow the instructions on the product label. Consult your local Agriculture Officer before use.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Bengalgram – Pest & disease management, pp. 164–165

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Caterpillars and pod borers: non-chemical measures

Use light traps to monitor and kill adult moths. Set up sex pheromone traps at 12 per hectare to monitor the pest. Grow castor along the border and irrigation bunds. Remove and destroy egg masses in castor and cotton, and early-stage larvae found in clusters. Collect and destroy shed plant parts, and hand-pick and destroy grown-up caterpillars.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Greengram – Pest management strategies, p. 149

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Chemical pesticides: ask before you spray

The source lists insecticides for semilooper, hairy caterpillars, other defoliators and flower thrips, and fungicides for castor diseases. Many are hazardous, and some may be restricted. Choose a product only with your local Agriculture Officer.

Follow the instructions on the product label. Consult your local Agriculture Officer before use.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Castor – Crop protection, pp. 210–212

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Caterpillars and yellow mosaic

For caterpillars (Spodoptera, Helicoverpa, semilooper and others), Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki at 500–750 g per hectare is listed as a biological option. For yellow mosaic virus (spread by whitefly), rogue out infected plants up to 30 days after sowing.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Soyabean – Crop protection, p. 177

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Chemical pesticides: ask before you spray

The source lists insecticides for caterpillars, girdle beetle, leaf weevil and virus vectors, and fungicides for rust. Many are hazardous, and some may be restricted. Choose a product only with your local Agriculture Officer.

Follow the instructions on the product label. Consult your local Agriculture Officer before use.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Soyabean – Crop protection, p. 177

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Pests and diseases: ask before you spray

The source lists many chemical sprays for aphids, leaf-eating caterpillars, diamondback moth, club root, leaf spots, leaf blight, ring spot, downy mildew and black rot. Choose any product only with your local Horticulture or Agriculture Officer.

Follow the instructions on the product label. Consult your local Agriculture Officer before use.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Horticulture Crops 2020 (Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Cabbage – Plant protection, pp. 121–123

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Pests and diseases: ask before you spray

The source lists chemical sprays for aphids, jassids, fruit borers and caterpillars, red spider mite, powdery mildew and downy mildew. Choose any product only with your local Horticulture or Agriculture Officer.

Follow the instructions on the product label. Consult your local Agriculture Officer before use.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Horticulture Crops 2020 (Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Bottle gourd – Plant protection, pp. 90–91

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Pests and diseases: ask before you spray

The source lists chemical sprays for aphids, jassids, fruit borers and caterpillars, red spider mite, powdery mildew and downy mildew. Choose any product only with your local Horticulture or Agriculture Officer.

Follow the instructions on the product label. Consult your local Agriculture Officer before use.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Horticulture Crops 2020 (Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Bitter gourd – Plant protection, pp. 93–94

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Pests and diseases: ask before you spray

The source lists chemical sprays for aphids, jassids, fruit borers and caterpillars, red spider mite, powdery mildew and downy mildew. Choose any product only with your local Horticulture or Agriculture Officer.

Follow the instructions on the product label. Consult your local Agriculture Officer before use.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Horticulture Crops 2020 (Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Ribbed gourd – Plant protection, p. 88

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Pests and diseases: ask before you spray

The source lists chemical sprays for aphids, jassids, fruit borers and caterpillars, red spider mite, powdery mildew and downy mildew. Choose any product only with your local Horticulture or Agriculture Officer.

Follow the instructions on the product label. Consult your local Agriculture Officer before use.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Horticulture Crops 2020 (Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Snake gourd – Plant protection, pp. 85–86

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Pests and diseases: ask before you spray

The source lists chemical sprays for aphids, jassids, fruit borers and caterpillars, red spider mite, powdery mildew and downy mildew, and lists red pumpkin beetle, leaf miner, thrips, whitefly and pumpkin caterpillar among the pests. Choose any product only with your local Horticulture or Agriculture Officer.

Follow the instructions on the product label. Consult your local Agriculture Officer before use.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Horticulture Crops 2020 (Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Pumpkin – Plant protection, p. 83

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Pests and diseases: ask before you spray

The source lists chemical sprays for aphids, jassids, fruit borers and caterpillars, red spider mite, powdery mildew and downy mildew. Choose any product only with your local Horticulture or Agriculture Officer.

Follow the instructions on the product label. Consult your local Agriculture Officer before use.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Horticulture Crops 2020 (Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Ash gourd – Plant protection, pp. 96–97

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Pests: non-chemical measures in the source

Pod fly: fermented tomato fruit traps at 25 per hectare. Bud worm, leaf caterpillar and leaf webber: Bacillus thuringiensis 2 ml/l. Hairy caterpillars: use a flame torch when they gather on the trunk.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Horticulture Crops 2020 (Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Annual moringa – Plant protection, p. 116

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-05

Pests: non-chemical measures in the source

Leaf-eating caterpillar and leaf webber: collect and destroy affected parts with caterpillars, and set a light trap (1/ha) to catch adults. Amaranthus weevil: destroy wild amaranthus nearby and affected plant parts with grubs and adults. The source advises avoiding sulphur sprays on amaranthus; a chemical leaf-spot spray is also listed — ask your officer.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Horticulture Crops 2020 (Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Amaranthus – Plant protection (pests), p. 156

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-05

Chemicals: ask before you use

The source lists chemical rhizome treatments and drenches for soft rot, rhizome rot and leaf spot, and sprays for shoot borer and leaf roller. Choose any product only with your local Agriculture Officer.

Follow the instructions on the product label. Consult your local Agriculture Officer before use.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Horticulture Crops 2020 (Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Ginger – Seed treatment; plant protection, pp. 174–175

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Pests and diseases: ask before you spray

The source lists chemical treatments for gall thrips, pollu beetle, leaf caterpillars, top shoot borer, foot rot, slow wilt and anthracnose. Choose any product only with your local Horticulture or Agriculture Officer.

Follow the instructions on the product label. Consult your local Agriculture Officer before use.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Horticulture Crops 2020 (Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Pepper – Plant protection, p. 166

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-05

Pests and diseases: non-chemical measures in the source

Shoot, panicle and capsule borer: pheromone traps at 12 per hectare. Mosaic (katte) disease, a serious disease, is spread by the banana aphid. The source also lists chemical sprays for thrips, aphids, hairy caterpillars, mites, damping off and capsule rot (azhukal) — ask your officer before using any.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Horticulture Crops 2020 (Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Cardamom – Plant protection, pp. 169–170

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-05

Pests: bio-intensive measures in the source

Citrus butterfly: collect and destroy larvae; Bacillus thuringiensis 1 g/l or neem oil 10 ml/l at new flush. Psyllids and leaf roller: yellow sticky traps (50/ha), a light trap (1/ha), releases of Trichogramma chilonis and Chrysoperla, NSKE 2.5% with mineral oil 0.25%, and border crops of sorghum or cowpea to keep natural enemies. Avoid sulphur sprays; a chemical leaf-spot spray is also listed — ask your officer.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Horticulture Crops 2020 (Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Curry Leaf – Plant protection (bio-intensive IPM), pp. 158–159

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-05

Gall caterpillar and bark-eating caterpillar

Gall caterpillar: cut and remove the infected shoot tips. Bark-eating caterpillar: clear the affected portion and put a few drops of kerosene into the holes.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Horticulture Crops 2020 (Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Amla – Plant protection (pests), p. 42

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Pests and diseases: ask before you spray

The source lists chemical sprays for thrips, aphids, leaf-eating caterpillars, root rot and leaf spot. Choose any product only with your local Horticulture or Agriculture Officer.

Follow the instructions on the product label. Consult your local Agriculture Officer before use.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Horticulture Crops 2020 (Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Chrysanthemum – Plant protection, pp. 256–257

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-04

Other pests and diseases: ask before you treat

The source also lists chemical treatments for black-headed caterpillar, eriophyid mite, basal stem rot, bud rot and stem bleeding, including root feeding and crown sprays. Some require not harvesting nuts for a period after treatment. Choose any treatment only with your local Horticulture or Agriculture Officer.

Follow the instructions on the product label. Consult your local Agriculture Officer before use.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Horticulture Crops 2020 (Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Coconut – Pest and disease management, pp. 215–219

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-05

Pests: non-chemical measures in the source

Tukra (pink mealybug): cut and burn affected shoots, release predatory beetles (Cryptolaemus 750/ha or Scymnus 1000/ha) or Chrysoperla eggs (2500/ha), and spray neem oil 3% with a wetting agent. Thrips: neem oil 3% is also listed. Leaf webber: irrigate right after pruning. Chemical sprays with waiting periods before feeding leaves to silkworms are also listed — ask your Sericulture or Agriculture Officer.

Source

Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Sericulture – Mulberry pest and disease management, p. 365

Region

Tamil Nadu

Last updated

2026-11-05