Before sowing, apply 2000 g each of Azospirillum and phosphobacteria (or 4000 g Azophos) mixed with 25 kg FYM and 25 kg soil. Apply sulphur at 20 kg/ha through ammonium sulphate or single super phosphate, or gypsum at 200 kg/ha as basal. For zinc deficiency, apply 25 kg ZnSO4/ha as basal or spray 0.5% ZnSO4 on the 30th, 40th and 50th day. For boron-deficient soils, apply 10 kg borax per hectare.
Pending expert review
Source
Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Sunflower – Biofertilizer, micronutrients & sulphur, pp. 217–219
Region
Tamil Nadu
Last updated
2026-11-04
Irrigation and hand weeding
Irrigate immediately after sowing, again on the 4th–5th day, and then every 7–8 days according to soil and weather, especially at seedling, flowering and seed development stages. If no pre-emergence herbicide is used, hand-weed on the 15th and 30th day after sowing.
Pending expert review
Source
Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Sunflower – Water management; weed management (ii), pp. 218–219
Region
Tamil Nadu
Last updated
2026-11-04
Pre-emergence herbicide
Apply pendimethalin at 1.0 litre per hectare as a pre-emergence spray 3 days after sowing (or fluchloralin at 1.0 litre/ha), with a flat fan nozzle and 500 litres of water per hectare, followed by one late hand weeding 30–35 days after sowing.
Follow the instructions on the product label. Consult your local Agriculture Officer before use.
Pending expert review
Source
Crop Production Guide – Agriculture 2020 (Directorate of Agriculture, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Sunflower – Weed management (i), p. 218
