Grapes need 15–40 °C and 500–900 mm of rain; rain should not fall during growth after pruning or during bunch ripening. Cloudy, humid, foggy or cold weather harms flowering and fruit set and builds up fungal disease. Soil: well-drained rich loam, pH 6.5–7.0, at least 1 m deep, low water table, EC below 1.0. Dogridge and 110 R rootstocks help with high pH, drought and saline water. Muscat Hamburg (Panneer) is the main variety in Tamil Nadu; the source also lists table, juice, raisin and wine varieties such as Thompson Seedless, Sharad Seedless, Red Globe, Bangalore Blue and Manjari Medika.
Pending expert review
Source
Crop Production Guide – Horticulture Crops 2020 (Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops, Tamil Nadu & Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU)), Grapes – Varieties; soil and climate, p. 20
